Come See What Book Rioters Are Reading This Very Day

Come See What Book Rioters Are Reading This Very Day In this feature at Book Riot, we give you a glimpse of what we are reading this very moment. Here is what the Rioters are reading today (as in literally today). This is what’s on their bedside table (or the floor, work bag, desk, whatevskis). See a Rioter who is reading your favorite book? I’ve included the link that will take you to their author archives (meaning, that magical place that organizes what they’ve written for the site). Gird your loins â€" this list combined with all of those archived posts will make your TBR list EXPLODE. We’ve shown you ours, now show us yours; let us know what you’re reading (right this very moment) in the comment section below! Kate Scott   The Mothers by Brit Bennett: Trying to catch up on my October reads! (Hardcover) Weapons of Math Destruction by Cathy O’Neil: Another one that has been on my TBR list for a while. I’m trying to squeeze in as many of this year’s hottest books as possible before curating my best of 2016 list in December! (Hardcover) Girls Sex by Peggy Orenstein: It seems like every book blogger I know has been raving about this book for months and now it’s up for a Goodreads Choice Award, so I thought it was high time I read it. I’m only a chapter in, but it’s excellent so far. (Library Hardcover) Swing Time by Zadie Smith: This has been on my list since August. I finally spotted it on the Volumes app. (Audiobook) Liberty Hardy    The Dark Net  by Benjamin Percy (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Aug. 1, 2017): A new horror novel about the seedy, dangerous side of the Internet, from the author of Red Moon, The Dead Lands and more! (If you need a Percy fix right now, be sure to check out Thrill Me, his new essay collection.) (e-galley) Marlena by Julie Buntin (Henry Holt, April 4, 2017): Editor Buntin takes a seat behind the author wheel with this debut novel about the friendship of two teen girls. It has been getting amazing reviews, and I’m so excited to finally have a copy in my hot little hands! (galley) The Shadow Land by Elizabeth Kostova (Ballantine Books, April 11, 2017): From the author of The Historian, it’s the story of a young American woman who travels to Bulgaria to help heal her grief over the death of her brother. But shortly upon her arrival, she accidentally winds up with a box of human ashes. MY BODY IS READY. (e-galley) Coin Locker Babies by Ryu Murakami, translated by Stephen Snyder: Completely bonkers story of two orphans in Japan, found abandoned in bus station lockers, who grow up to lead bizarre lives in Toxitown. Like, COMPLETELY bananapants. (paperback) Bronwyn Averett   Life in the Court of Matane  by Eric DuPont, translated by Peter McCambridge: Wanted to try out a book from new imprint QC Fiction. A beautiful, tragicomic coming-of-age story (memoir? autofiction?) of a sensitive boy growing up in rural Quebec during the decade leading up to the 1980 referendum. This translation is knocking my socks off. (paperback) The Lesser Bohemians by Eimear McBride: Stumbled across this book on Netgalley and had heard of the author. At this point, I am waiting for the dreamy, prose-poetry, stream-of-half-consciousness, somewhere-between-Joyce-and-Woolf style to become utterly unbearable. And yet I keep reading. So I think I must like it. (e-galley). Angel Cruz   I Believe in a Thing Called Love by Maureen Goo: After the week I’ve had, I’m choosing to love myself and bump this book way up my TBR. (e-galley) Crazy Rich Asians by Kevin Kwan: Impulse buy at the train station on Monday, mostly because I didn’t feel like digging into my backpack for the three books I’d already bought. But I’m so glad I picked it up at Penn Station, because it’s been making me laugh and cry, reminding me of IRL people that I know. (Paperback) The Long Way to a Small Angry Planet by Becky Chambers: This one is partly because of BR colleagues and partly because I just really like the title. I’ve heard great things about it, and while I’m only a few chapters in, I’m definitely enjoying the worldbuilding and characters. (Paperback) Tasha Brandstatter   The Chocolate Temptation by Laura Florand: I needed something comforting to read, so decided to do a reread of one of my favorite Florand books. (switching between paperback and ebook, since I own both) Real Food/Fake Food  by Larry Olmsted: Came across this one while doing my semi-monthly catalog search for books about cocktails at the library. (audiobook) Steph Auteri   Black and Blue by Anna Quindlen: I saw Quindlen speak at Bindercon (a conference for women and gender non-conforming writers) and immediately wanted to be her. I was horrified to realize I had never read any of her book-length work before. (Hardcover) The Feminist Utopia Project edited by Alexandra Brodsky and Rachel Kauder Nalebuff: I’m always keeping an eye out for exciting books from the Feminist Press because they were my first publishing job out of college and I was wild about the work we did there. This one’s been on my radar for awhile. (Ebook) Making Out Like a Virgin edited by Catriona McHardy and Cathy Plourde: As soon as I heard about this anthology on intimacy after sexual trauma, I had to read it. It’s a topic I regularly write about and I was excited to see a new, small press focusing on this essential subject matter. (Egalley) Jessica Yang   Black Panther: A Nation Under Our Feet, Book 1 by Ta-Nehisi Coates: Ive been wanting to read the Ta-Nehisi Coates incarnation of Black Panther, so when I found it at the library, I grabbed it. (paperback) The King of Attolia by Megan Whalen Turner: As weird as it sounds, I picked this up as comfort reading. Its cutthroat royal intrigue, but from the eyes of a bewildered, puppy dog-like guard. (paperback) Ashley Bowen-Murphy   Do Not Say We Have Nothing by Madeleine Thien: Started reading this ahead of hearing her speak at a local bookstore last week. This novel won a ton of prizes in Canada and was short-listed for the Man Booker this year. It’s a slow burn, for sure. It took me well over 100 pages to really get into it (though, I’m willing to admit I’m still suffering from some post-election haze). Thien is chewing on lots of big questions about the nature of history, storytelling, and time. Not an easy book but one I’m really savoring. (hardcover) The Trespasser by Tana French: I’ve only tried one of her previous Dublin Murder Squad books before and didn’t love it. Still, given my near obsession with mysteries set in the UK, Ireland, and EU, it’s time to try again. When this popped up as a Book of the Month option, I decided to go for it. (hardcover) Cannibalism: A Perfectly Natural History by Bill Schutt: Honestly, reading about eating your own kind just makes sense right now, don’t you think? I’m fascinated by the way that Schutt weaves together hard science, myth, and popular culture. I’ve just started this, but already dig it. (e-galley) Katie McLain   Everything I Never Told You by Celeste Ng: After suffering through a seriously disappointing audiobook, I needed something that was pretty much guaranteed to be a five star reading experience.  I’m late to the Celeste Ng game, but so far, this audiobook is exactly what I need.  Thoughtful, thought-provoking, and beautifully written. (digital audiobook) Storm Front by Jim Butcher: One of the reading selections for an ongoing professional genre study on speculative fiction.  I’ve had Jim Butcher on my list for a while now, so this was the nudge I needed to finally pick it up.  So far, pretty engaging, but I’m only 50 pages in. (library paperback) Casey Stepaniuk   We Need New Names by NoViolet Bulawayo: I was feeling a void since I had just finished one audiobook, so I literally just looked through what was available now in Overdrive through my library, and was drawn to this brightly coloured cover. I’ve also never read a book by a Zimbabwean author, so I thought I should give this a shot! (digital audiobook) Even this Page is White by Vivek Shraya: She’s fast becoming one of my favourite (queer, Canadian) authors, so I had to pick up her first poetry collection when I saw it at my local queer bookstore. I’m trying to read it slowly so the poems have time to sink in. I’ll probably re-read it after I’m done too. (paperback) Rachel Weber   One More Thing: Stories And Other Stories by B.J. Novak I’m listening to this on audio and it’s such a treat. The stories are small but perfectly formed and there all celebrity cameos to bring the characters to life. It’s keeping me sane during lunch breaks. The Last One by Alexandra Oliva I’m a Naked Afraid junkie so this story about a woman who doesn’t realise the survival reality show she’s in has ended is giving me life. And keeping me up at night. (eBook) Foxlowe by Eleanor Wasserberg A debut novel about a hippie commune with unsettling beliefs, this crackles with tension. I’ve just started it but I can tell it’s totally in my wheelhouse. (eBook) The Princess Diarist by Carrie Fisher Princess Leia talking about banging Han Solo behind the scenes? WHY WOULDN’T YOU READ THIS? (eGalley) Peter Damien In Memory Yet Green: The Autobiography of Isaac Asimov, 1920-1954 by Isaac Asimov the first half of Asimov’s biography. It is just the most exhaustively detailed biography I’ve ever encountered. I swear he’s recorded every train fare of his life. But it’s a great read, and I like having a hyper-detailed writer’s biography, actually. (paperback) MORT(E) by Robert Repino The world’s animals gain sentience and rise up against humans and there is an apocalyptic war and we follow all events from the point of view of a housecat, formerly named Sebastian, now named Mort(e), and tell me this premise alone isn’t enough to make you wanna read it. Seriously, it’s a blast of a book. (hardcover) Welcome to the Jungle, Revised Edition: Facing Bipolar Without Freaking Out by Hilary Smith I’m bipolar myself, but even if I weren’t, it’s a fascinating topic and I try to read a lot about it. I missed the first go-around of Welcome to the Jungle, though. I’m glad I’m getting to it here. I think this is the first bipolar book I’d hand someone who needed information. It’s smart, and it’s very funny. And it has a chapter called “Hippie Shit That Totally Works” which is enough to sell any book, really, isn’t it? (eGalley) A Monster Calls by Patrick Ness I went from not knowing Patrick Ness to, in the space of two books, being a rabid and devout fan. I was sold on this book by the stunning trailer. The short book promises to devastate you more or less from page one, and it succeeds powerfully on that promise. If you buy it, buy the illustrated edition, they’re almost as important as the text. Such a novel, you guys. (paperback) Eric Smith The Hate U Give by Angie Thomas: How long have I been waiting for this book? Since the announcement of its sale to the movie deal to all the buzz on Twitter, it feels like I’ve been waiting forever for this to land in my to-be-read pile. And now, here it is. A YA novel that spins a story straight out of current headlines, inspired by the Black Lives Matter movement, I’m about a quarter into the book and taking my time. It’s a read to be savored, that is for certain, and definitely lives up to the hype surrounding it. (ARC, Out February 2017) The Ship Beyond Time by Heidi Heilig: The first book in this wonderfully charming duology, The Girl From Everywhere, is easily one of my favorite reads of the year, expertly weaving together a story of family and magic. So I was really excited when the sequel popped up. I’m so ready to continue this adventure in Heilig’s world. (ARC, Out March 2017) Karina Glaser   See You in the Cosmos, Carl Sagan by Jack Cheng (Dial Books for Young Readers, February 2017): This book is about eleven-year-old Alex Petroski who wants to launch his golden iPod into space, just like his hero Carl Sagan launched his Golden Record on a spacecraft in the 1970s. If that description wasn’t enough to get me interested, the publicist sent me the book wrapped in gold paper with a note, “This book Golden Book iPod has travelled through the universe to bring you sounds of life on earth: of family, friendship, love, and a boy who loves rockets and his dog and is trying to be brave.” I am so here for this. (ARC) Some Writer!: The Story of E.B. White by Melissa Sweet: I love E.B. White’s books, and Melissa Sweet’s gorgeous collages and illustrations are making him all the more endearing to me. (Hardcover) The Sun Is Also a Star by Nicola Yoon: This book was a National Book Award finalist, and now that I’m halfway through I know exactly why the judges chose it. Nicola Yoon is a creative, loving storyteller. (Library Hardcover) Sarah Nicolas   Saving Montgomery Sole by Mariko Tamaki: I’m almost done with this and it is decidedly less supernatural than the blurb made it out to be. Not bad, but just not what I was looking for at this moment in time. (audiobook) Cress by Marissa Meyer: I just gobbled up the first two books in the Lunar Chronicles series, so I don’t know why it took me so long to start this one, but I’m finally reading it and loving it. (hardcover) Saving Red by Sonya Sones: This is not one I’d ordinarily pick up, but I’m trying to read more outside of my comfort zone, and a friend recommended Sones to me. I haven’t started it yet, but am intrigued to get started. Thomas Maluck   Just Mercy by Bryan Stevenson: Stevenson came through my town, and one of the outreach librarians at my workplace clued me in to the event and this book. Stevenson is a lawyer who dedicated his life’s work to defending those with the least access to justice (“capital punishment is punishment for those without capital,” he quotes early on). He played a major role in getting minors exempted from life without parole sentences, and the accomplishment followed from encountering and trying to aid one sobering case after another. (paperback) My Holiday in North Korea by Wendy E. Simmons: Following a serious read about life in the isolated nation, I couldn’t help but continue my literary stay via this more humorous examination of the massive cognitive dissonance asked of visitors and their state-mandated handlers. (ebook) Raych Krueger We Are the Ants by Shaun David Hutchinson: My entire library stack is based off of the #booksfighthate hashtag right now and I’m just reading my way from top to bottom. Henry has been given the chance to halt the destruction of the earth just by pressing a button, but his boyfriend has committed suicide, his fool-around partner is an asshole, his brother is also an asshole, his Nana has Alzheimer’s, and he’s not sure the world warrants saving. Also, there’s aliens. (Library Hardcover) Siblings Without Rivalry  by Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish: I’m trying to tone down the amount of yelling that goes on in this house (it’s so, so much). This is a re-read for me, and it’s a great reminder that while your kids might not end up being friends, they can still use each other as practice for appropriate social behaviors. (paperback) Lucas Maxwell   Max by Sarah Cohen-Scali: It’s 1936 and Max hasn’t even been given his name yet. He’s a fetus inside a woman inside a Bavarian clinic set up by the Nazis. He’s part of the Fountains of Youth program, creating the perfect Aryan specimen. This is a strange and interesting read, I’m really enjoying it simply because it’s so different. The account of the breeding facility will twist your guts out. Max, even though he’s only a few months old in the part of the book I’m in, is fully convinced in that the Nazi party is the best solution to the world’s problems. I have a strong feeling that he’s going to change his mind, though. (paperback) Brian McNamara   Star Wars: Catalyst: A Rogue One Story by James Luceno: Gearing up for Rogue One by checking out this prequel/lead-in. Haven’t made much headway as of yet, but I’m expecting a good time. I really liked Luceno’s previous Tarkin, a novel set before Episode IV which also dealt with the construction of the Death Star. Main movie baddie Krennic seems cut from the same cloth as Governor Tarkin, so the book should lend itself to Luceno’s talents. (Hardcover) Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell: I’ve had this copy of the book for a while now, but I’ve never really been motivated to read it. The day after the election, it was the first thing that caught my eye. This particular edition is in the style of the classic Penguin titles orange and beige with the embossed title and author censored by large black bars. It’s an amazing, subtle presentation of the book’s major themes. Perhaps one of the most evocative covers, without really showing you anything! And wouldn’t you know it, I’m not even looking for the parallels to today’s world and they’re jumping out at me. (Softcover) Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang: I was in love with Arrival, the very strong and emotionally resonant science fiction film starring Amy Adams. I then found out it was based on a short story and immediately went out and bought the book. I was unfamiliar with Chiang’s writing but I’m already digging his style and think I may have found a new favorite. (Softcover) Amanda Kay Oaks   Animal, Mineral, Radical by BK Loren: This is an assignment for my Craft of Creative Nonfiction class. I hadn’t heard of it before it was assigned, so I’m eager to see what awaits me! (Paperback).     Where Am I Now? by Mara Wilson: Checked this out from the library after getting to see her do Nerd Jeopardy at Book Riot Live. Not far in yet, but think I will like it a great deal. Also all the bonus points for audiobooks read by the author. (Digital Audiobook) Scrappy Little Nobody by Anna Kendrick: This is lined up and ready to help me pass the drive home for thanksgiving with my family. I always like to take a good celebrity memoir in the car with me and this was an obvious choice because I love her tweets. And again, bonus points for being read by the author. (CD audiobook) Jessica Pryde   Exit West by Mohsin Hamid: Someone at Riverhead was kind enough to send me a copy and I was not throwing away my shot. I’m devouring it in 40 page clumps and then have to stop to go do life-things. (ARC, March 2017) The Truth of Right Now by Kara Lee Corthron: I was given a selection of books to choose from for participating in a readerly Big Data thingie and this one held the most promise. I’ve been slamming through it. This is the author’s first novel but she’s also a playwright and you can tell in the snappiness of the dialogue and the easy flow of the language. (eARC, January 2017) Tracks by Louise Erdrich: I have picked up and set aside so many books written in the 1980s (the decade I was born) all this year, and I’m hoping this one will stick. (Paperback) The Duchess War by Courtney Milan: I realized how many of her books I own and have yet to read, and this was a good place to start. Also, its always good to have historical romance in the rotation. (ebook) Christy Childers   Out of a Far Country by Christopher Yuan and Angela Yuan: Because I saw it on Jackie Hill Perry’s Instagram. (Library Paperback) Jamie Canaves   Around the Way Girl: A Memoir by Taraji P. Henson: I’ll watch anything Henson is in so I had to pick this up. She’s managed to make me laugh, then cry, then laugh hysterically again. I love her! (audiobook) Winter of the Gods (Olympus Bound #2) by Jordanna Max Brodsky: Greek Gods in modern Manhattan solving a crimeâ€"GIVE ME NOW! (ARC) Missing People by Brandon S. Graham: domestic drama/thriller peeked my curiosity. (egalley) I Hate Fairyland #7 by Skottie Young, Jean-Francois Beaulieu, Nate Piekos: I love this comic and now I can totally sympathize with Gertrude’s rage.

Questions On Transaction Cost Economics - 1526 Words

2.1. Transaction cost economics Unlike the production costs, which reflect the transformation of inputs into outputs, transaction costs refer to the costs of carrying out any exchange, whether between firms in a marketplace or a transfer of resources between stages in a vertically integrated firm (Basu, 2014; Hobbs, 1996). In terms of effect, transaction costs can be divided into three categories: information costs, negotiation costs, and monitoring (or enforcement) costs (Hobbs, 1996). Specifically, information costs include costs associated with gathering and exchanging information about products, prices, suppliers or buyers etc.. Negotiation costs generally arise from activities related to the physical act of the transaction, such as negotiating and writing contracts (e.g. cost of hiring lawyers), or intermediary services of the transaction (e.g. payment for auctioneer or a broker). Monitoring or enforcement costs occur after the transaction which usually involves costs of monitoring supplier’s performanc e and the quality of goods provided, or costs of legally enforcing promises on the contract. The primary factors which cause transaction costs to arise include bounded rationality, opportunism, small numbers bargaining, and information impactedness. Among the four main factors, bounded rationality and opportunism are two key behavioral assumptions characterize TCE theory. Bounded rationality means that although decision-makers may intend to act rationally, their abilityShow MoreRelatedQuiz 11444 Words   |  6 PagesECO 550 Week 2 Quiz 1 Click this link to get the tutorial: http://homeworkfox.com/tutorials/economics/4259/eco-550-week-2-quiz-1/ Question 1 1.   When multiple facts about a sample set are known, a(n) _____ heuristic makes the choice on the basis of the first category of facts in which the samples differ. elimination representative recognition availability Question 2 1.   Which of the following products can be sold through mass advertising? A new electrocardiogram machine to be used by medicalRead MoreEco 550 Quiz 1 Chapter 1 21442 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion 1 1. When multiple facts about a sample set are known, a(n) _____ heuristic makes the choice on the basis of the first category of facts in which the samples differ. elimination representative recognition availability Question 2 1. 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Application of Genetic Algorithm in the Process of Sound...

This project comprises the application of genetic algorithm in the process of sound evolution using Darwinian Theory of ‘survival of fittest’ whereby its emergent behaviour is employed to produce sound which evolves towards better solution by adapting to the environment over the numerous generations using its simple operations of selection, crossover and mutation. In the context of sound evolution, genetic algorithm has been used to evolve musical notes where the process of fitness function is employed to measure the fitness of candidate solution that takes into consideration the numbers of criteria need to be exists in candidate solution to make individuals rhythmic in nature. The role of genetic algorithm in the process of sound evolution is considered to be vital as far as evolutionary computation is concerned which best suits the application domain in this project. To produce rhythmic sound, numbers of criteria are considered into the fitness function since it does shape the population significantly followed by the rating of individuals based on existence of those criteria into population expected from fitness function. The overall idea of this project and hence the genetic algorithm in sound evolution is to converge the population towards rhythmic sound since the criteria are expected from fitness function that leads the function of selection towards the consideration of those individuals who are most fit followed by the rejection of least ones. Evolving behaviour ofShow MoreRelatedScience Fiction : An Invisibility Cloak1705 Words   |  7 Pagesnature. It can be used to control and manipulate light, sound, and many other physical phenomena. This subject requires knowledge in various engineering fields including electrical, material, optics, and nanoscience. 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Thus Customer Relationship management can be defined as: —Customer relationship management is a comprehensive strategy and process of acquiring, retaining and partnering with selective customers to create superior value for the company and the customer. 4 Customer Relationship Management OBJECTIVE OF MY STUDY †¢ The objective of myRead MoreNegotiation: Game Theory and Games13514 Words   |  55 Pagesupdated 9 months ago The foundations of negotiation theory are decision analysis, behavioral decision making, game theory, and negotiation analysis. Another classification of theories distinguishes between Structural Analysis, Strategic Analysis, Process Analysis, Integrative Analysis and behavioral analysis of negotiations. Individuals should make separate, interactive decisions; and negotiation analysis considers how groups of reasonably bright individuals should and could make joint, collaborative

Night Elie Weisel Free Essays

â€Å"Never shall I forget that night, the first night in camp, which has turned my life into one long night, seven times cursed and seven times sealed. Never shall I forget that smoke. Never shall I forget the little faces of the children, whose bodies I saw turned into wreaths of smoke beneath a silent blue sky. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Elie Weisel or any similar topic only for you Order Now Never shall I forget those flames which consumed my faith forever. Never shall I forget that nocturnal silence which deprived me, for all eternity, of the desire to live. Never shall I forget those moments which murdered my God and my soul and turned my dreams to dust.Never shall I forget these things, even if I am condemned to live as long as God Himself. Never† (Wiesel 43). As he reflects upon his horrendous first night in the concentration camp and its lasting effect on his life, Wiesel introduces the theme of Eliezer’s spiritual crisis and his loss of faith in God. The repetition of the phrase â€Å"Never shall I forget† illustrates how Eliezer’s experiences are forever burned into his mind; like the actual experiences, the memories of them are inescapable.The phrase seems also like a personal mantra for Wiesel, who understands the crucial necessity of remembering the horrible events of the Holocaust and bringing them to light so that nothing like them can ever happen again. this passage resembles two significant pieces of literature: Psalm 150, from the Bible, and French author Emile Zola’s 1898 essay â€Å"Jâ €™accuse. † Psalm 150, the final prayer in the book of Psalms, is an ecstatic celebration of God. Each line begins, â€Å"Hallelujah,† or â€Å"Praise God. Here, Wiesel constructs an inverse version of that psalm, beginning each line with a negation—â€Å"Never†Ã¢â‚¬â€that replaces the affirmative â€Å"Hallelujah† of the original. Whereas Psalm 150 praises God, this passage questions him. As such, both the form and content of this passage reflect the inversion of Eliezer’s faith and the morality of the world around him. Everything he once believed has been turned upside down, in the same way that this passage’s words invert both the form and content of Psalm 150.Eliezer claims that his faith is utterly destroyed, yet at the same time says that he will never forget these things even if he â€Å"live[s] as long as God Himself. † After completely denying the existence of God, he refers to God’s existence in the final line. As mentioned before, Wiesel wrote elsewhere, â€Å"My anger rises up within faith and not outside it. † Eliezer reflects this position, which is particularly visible throughout this passage. Despite saying he has lost all faith, it is clear that Eliezer is actually struggling with his faith and his God.Just as he is never able to forget the horror of â€Å"that night,† he is never able to reject completely his heritage and his religion. Elie, the narrator, is a deeply spiritual and passionate child growing up in Eastern Europe. He studies the Torah and the Cabala. He goes to the synagogue and weeps. He actually weeps when he prays, that is how deep and passionate is his faith in God. Through the process of de-humanization instituted by the Nazis, Elie rapidly loses his faith in God. Now, I wish to be clear.At no point does he stop believing in God. Rather, he loses his faith that God is an omnipotent and all-loving God. He sees what is happening all around him to God’s own chosen people, and suffers the destruction of his life’s most important paradigm, to be replaced with a cynicism and heroic humanism. Elie has not stopped believing in God. But, for him, the God whom he loved and adored has been hung and executed. His innocent passionate love of God has been executed. -silence of God -never forget what humans are capable of How to cite Night Elie Weisel, Papers

The Renaissance Essays (378 words) - Medieval Philosophy

The European Renaissance The Renaissance was a period of European history, considered by modern scholars as that between 1300 and 1600. Many dramatic changes happened during the Renaissance. The Renaissance was a period of new inventions and beliefs. The Renaissance was drastically different from the Middle Ages. During the Middle Ages the church held most of the power and its economy was agriculturally based. Exploration and learning was almost put to a stop. During the Renaissance society was transformed into a society increasingly dominated by central political institutions with an urban commercial attitude. Also, people's curiosity overcame their fear and many people started to venture out and explore. New schools and colleges became more and more common. The Renaissance was started by many rich Italian cities, such as Florence, Ferrara, Milan, and Venice. Because these cities were very wealthy, many merchants started to spend money on different things, such as painting, learning, new banking techniques, and new systems of government. These things gave rise to a new type of scholar, the humanist. Humanism was a subject concerned with humankind and culture. They stetted various things such as Latin, Greek language, literature and philosophy. Music and mathematics were also studied as well. The Renaissance gave way to new forms of painting, art, and sculpture. During the Renaissance, artist were no longer regarded as mere artisans, as they had been to the medieval past, but for the first time emerged as independent personalities, compared to poets and writers. Many artisans merged mathematics with art, in order to become more precise in their measurements and to make sure an object was supported both rationally and proportionally. As a result painters tried and often succeeded into making their painting a window into the world. Artists also studied the way light hits objects and the way our eyes perceive light. A new kind of paint called oil paint was used. This allowed the artist to create texture, mix colors, and allow more time for corrections before it dried. The printing press was probably the most important advance in technology. Europeans first used movable metal type to print a book. On small pieces of metal they engraved single letters of the alphabet. These could then be arranged and rearranged to form words and sentences.

To Kill a Mocking Bird ( comp. of movie and novel) essays

To Kill a Mocking Bird ( comp. of movie and novel) essays The movie, To Kill a Mockingbird, is one of the best family oriented dramas ever made. The film has a timeless quality about it that transcends the very dated subject matter, which was racism during the depression in the South. The movie teaches the importance of tolerance, justice, integrity and loving, responsible parenthood. The filmed drama, To Kill a Mockingbird, presents all the themes of Harper Lees historical novel. However, the movie might have been better if Miss Maudie and Calpurnia, two of the books characters, had had a more prominent role. The movie would have been improved if Miss Maudie, who portrayed the themes of friendship and moral responsibility, had a stronger role. The theme of moral responsibility came up when Jem asks Miss Maudie if she was going to court and she responded with, I am not. Its morbid, watching a poor devil on trial for his life (181). She felt that the trial was a public spectacle and she refused to take part in it. She showed her passion for justice because she knew the man, Tom Robinson, would be condemned guilty when everyone knew he was innocent, and she refused to be a part of the injustice. She is the childrens best friend among Maycombs adults and shows her support for the Finches when she stated, I simply want to tell you that there are some men in this world who were born to do our unpleasant jobs for us and your fathers one of them. Their father was very unpopular during the trial of Tom Robinson and Miss Maudie praised their father as a good man. The children were treated bad ly during this time because of their fathers position on the trial, but Miss Maudie showed her complete support. Miss Maudie is a very intriguing character in the novel, a wise, funny woman of integrity, but in the movie, she comes across as just another next-door neighbor. The movie would have been enhanced if Calpurnia, who ...

Battle of Britain - World War II

Battle of Britain - World War II Battle of Britain: Conflict Dates The Battle of Britain was fought July 10 to late October 1940, during World War II. Commanders Royal Air Force Air Chief Marshal Hugh DowdingAir Vice Marshal Keith ParkAir Vice Marshal Trafford Leigh-MalloryLuftwaffeReichsmarschall Hermann GÃ ¶ringField Marshal Albert KesselringField Marshal Hugo SperrleGeneraloberst Hans-JÃ ¼rgen Stumpff Battle of Britain: Background With the fall of France in June 1940, Britain alone was left to face the growing power of Nazi Germany. Though much of the British Expeditionary Force had been successfully evacuated from Dunkirk, it had been compelled to leave much of its heavy equipment behind. Not relishing the idea of having to invade Britain, Adolph Hitler initially hoped that Britain would sue for a negotiated peace. This hope quickly eroded as new Prime Minister Winston Churchill reasserted Britains commitment to fight on to the end. Reacting to this, Hitler ordered on July 16 that preparations begin for the invasion of Great Britain. Dubbed Operation Sea Lion, this plan called for an invasion to take place in August. As the Kriegsmarine had been badly reduced in earlier campaigns, a key prerequisite for the invasion was the elimination of the Royal Air Force to ensure that the Luftwaffe possessed air superiority over the Channel. With this in hand, the Luftwaffe would be able to hold the Royal Navy at bay as German troops landed in southern England. Battle of Britain: The Luftwaffe Prepares To eliminate the RAF, Hitler turned the chief of the Luftwaffe, Reichsmarschall Hermann GÃ ¶ring. A veteran of World War I, the flamboyant and boastful GÃ ¶ring had ably overseen the Luftwaffe during the early campaigns of the war. For the coming battle, he shifted his forces to bring three Luftflotten (Air Fleets) to bear on Britain. While Field Marshal Albert Kesselring and Field Marshal Hugo Sperrles Luftflotte 2 and 3 flew from the Low Countries and France, Generaloberst Hans-JÃ ¼rgen Stumpffs Luftflotte 5 would attack from bases in Norway. Largely designed to provide aerial support for the German Armys blitzkrieg style of attack, the Luftwaffe was not well-equipped for the type of strategic bombing that would be required in the coming campaign. Though its principal fighter, the Messerschmitt Bf 109, was equal to the best British fighters, the range at which it would be forced to operate limited the time it could spend over Britain. At the start of the battle, the Bf 109 was supported by the twin-engine Messerschmitt Bf 110. Intended as a long range escort fighter, the Bf 110 quickly proved vulnerable to the more nimble British fighters and was a failure in this role. Lacking a four-engine strategic bomber, the Luftwaffe relied on a trio of smaller twin-engine bombers, the Heinkel He 111, Junkers Ju 88, and the aging Dornier Do 17. These were supported by the single-engine Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bomber. An effective weapon in the wars early battles, the Stuka ultimately proved highly vulnerable to British fighters and was withdrawn from the fight. Battle of Britain: The Dowding System His Chicks Across the Channel, the aerial defense of Britain was entrusted to the head of Fighter Command, Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding. Possessing a prickly personality and nicknamed Stuffy, Dowding had taken over Fighter Command in 1936. Working tirelessly, he had overseen the development of the RAFs two frontline fighters, the Hawker Hurricane and Supermarine Spitfire. While the latter was a match for the BF 109, the former was a bit outclassed but was capable of out-turning the German fighter. Anticipating the need for greater firepower, Dowding had both fighters outfitted with eight machine guns. Highly protective of his pilots, he often referred to them as his chicks. While understanding the need for new advanced fighters, Dowding was also key in recognizing that they could only be employed effectively if they were properly controlled from the ground. To this end, he supported the development of Radio Direction Finding (radar) and the creation of the Chain Home radar network. This new technology was incorporated into his Dowding System which saw the uniting of radar, ground observers, raid plotting, and radio control of aircraft. These disparate components were tied together through a protected telephone network that was administered through his headquarters at RAF Bentley Priory. In addition, to better control his aircraft, he divided the command into four groups to cover all of Britain (Map). These consisted of Air Vice Marshal Sir Quintin Brands 10 Group (Wales and the West Country), Air Vice Marshal Keith Parks 11 Group (Southeastern England), Air Vice Marshal Trafford Leigh-Mallorys 12 Group (Midland East Anglia), and Air Vice Marshal Richard Sauls 13 Group (Northern England, Scotland, Northern Ireland). Though scheduled to retire in June 1939, Dowding was asked to remain in his post until March 1940 due to the deteriorating international situation. His retirement was subsequently postponed until July and then October. Eager to preserve his strength, Dowding had vigorously opposed the sending of Hurricane squadrons across the Channel during the Battle of France. Battle of Britain: German Intelligence Failures As the bulk of Fighter Commands strength had been husbanded in Britain during the earlier fighting, the Luftwaffe had a poor estimate of its strength. As the battle began, GÃ ¶ring believed that the British had between 300-400 fighters when in actuality, Dowding possessed over 700. This led the German commander to believe that Fighter Command could be swept from the skies in four days. While the Luftwaffe was aware of the British radar system and ground control network, it dismissed their importance and believed that they created a inflexible tactical system for the British squadrons. In reality, the system permitted flexibility for squadron commanders to make appropriate decisions based on the most recent data. Battle of Britain: Tactics Based on intelligence estimates, GÃ ¶ring expected to quickly sweep Fighter Command from the skies over southeastern England. This was to be followed by a four-week bombing campaign which would begin with strikes against RAF airfields near the coast and then move progressively inland to hit the larger sector airfields. Additional strikes would target military targets as well as aircraft production facilities. As planning moved forward, the timetable was extended to five weeks from August 8 to September 15. During the course of the battle, a dispute over strategy emerged between Kesselring, who favored direct attacks on London to force the RAF into a decisive battle, and Sperrle who desired continued attacks on the British air defenses. This dispute would simmer without GÃ ¶ring making a clear choice. As the battle began, Hitler issued a directive prohibiting the bombing of London as he feared reprisal strikes against German cities. At Bentley Priory, Dowding decided the best way to utilize his aircraft and pilots was to avoid large scale battles in the air. Knowing that an aerial Trafalgar would allow the Germans to more accurately gauge his strength, he intended to bluff the enemy by attacking in squadron strength. Aware that he was outnumbered and could not completely prevent the bombing of Britain, Dowding sought to inflict an unsustainable rate of loss on the Luftwaffe. To accomplish this, he wanted the Germans to constantly believe that Fighter Command was at the end of its resources to ensure that it kept attacking and taking losses. This was not the most popular course of action and it was not entirely to the Air Ministrys pleasing, but Dowding understood that as long as Fighter Command remained a threat the German invasion could not move forward. In instructing his pilots, he emphasized that they were go after the German bombers and avoid fighter-to-fighter combat when possible. Also, he wished the figh ting to take place over Britain as pilots who were shot down could be quickly recovered and returned to their squadrons. Battle of Britain: Der Kanalkampf Fighting first began on July 10 as the Royal Air Force and Luftwaffe skirmished over the Channel. Dubbed the Kanalkampf or Channel Battles, these engagements saw German Stukas attacking British coastal convoys. Though Dowding would have preferred to halt the convoys rather than waste pilots and planes defending them, he was blocked from above by Churchill and the Royal Navy who refused to symbolically cede control of the Channel. As the fight continued, the Germans introduced their twin-engine bombers which were escorted by Messerschmitt fighters. Due to the proximity of the German airfields to the coast, the fighters of No. 11 Group often did not sufficient warning in order to block these attacks. As a result, Parks fighters were required to conduct patrols which strained both pilots and equipment. The fighting over the Channel provided a training ground for both sides as they prepared for the larger battle to come. During June and July, Fighter Command lost 96 aircraft while downin g 227. Battle of Britain: Adlerangriff The small numbers of British fighters that his aircraft had encountered in July and early August further convinced GÃ ¶ring that Fighter Command was operating with around 300-400 aircraft. Having prepared for a massive aerial offensive, dubbed Adlerangriff (Eagle Attack), he sought four uninterrupted days of clear weather in which to begin it. Some initial attacks began on August 12 which saw German aircraft cause minor damage to several coastal airfields as well as attack four radar stations. Attempting to hit the tall radar towers rather than the more important plotting huts and operations centers, the strikes did little lasting damage. In the bombing, the radar plotters from the Womens Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF) proved their mettle as they continued working with bombs bursting nearby. British fighters downed 31 Germans for a loss of 22 of their own. Believing that they had caused significant damage on August 12, the Germans began their offensive the next day, which was dubbed Adler Tag (Eagle Day). Beginning with a series of muddled attacks in the morning due to confused orders, the afternoon saw larger raids strike a variety of targets across southern Britain, but inflict little lasting damage. Raids continued on and off the next day, opposed in squadron strength by Fighter Command. For August 15, the Germans planned their largest attack to date, with Luftflotte 5 attacking targets in northern Britain, while Kesselring and Sperrle assaulted the south. This plan was based on the incorrect belief that No. 12 Group had been feeding reinforcements south over the preceding days and could be prevented from doing so by attacking the Midlands. Detected while far out at sea, the aircraft of Luftflotte 5 were essentially unescorted as the flight from Norway precluded using Bf 109s as escorts. Assaulted by fighters from No. 13 Group, the attackers were turned back with heavy losses and accomplished little of consequence. Luftflotte 5 would not play a further role in the battle. In the south, RAF airfields were hit hard taking varying degrees of damage. Flying sortie after sortie, Parks men, supported by No. 12 Group, struggled to meet the threat. In the course of the fighting, German aircraft accidently struck RAF Croydon in London, killing over 70 civilians in the process and enraging Hitler. When the day ended, Fighter Command had downed 75 Germans in exchange for 34 aircraft and 18 pilots. Heavy German raids continued the next day with weather largely halting operations on the 17th. Resuming on August 18, the fighting saw both sides take their highest losses of the battle (British 26 [10 pilots], German 71). Dubbed the Hardest Day, the 18th saw massive raids hit the sector airfields at Biggin Hill and Kenley. In both cases, the damage proved temporary and operations were not dramatically affected. Battle of Britain: A Change in Approach In the wake of the August 18 attacks, it became clear that GÃ ¶rings promise to Hitler to quickly sweep aside the RAF would not be fulfilled. As a result, Operation Sea Lion was postponed until September 17. Also, due to the high losses taken on the 18th, the Ju 87 Stuka was withdrawn from the battle and the role of the Bf 110 reduced. Future raids were to focus on Fighter Command airfields and factories at the exclusion of everything else, including the radar stations. In addition, German fighters were ordered to tightly escort the bombers rather than conducting sweeps. Battle of Britain: Dissention in the Ranks During the course of the fighting a debate emerged between Park and Leigh-Mallory regarding tactics. While Park favored Dowdings method of intercepting raids with individual squadrons and subjecting them to continued attack, Leigh-Mallory advocated for massed attacks by Big Wings consisting of at least three squadrons. The thought behind the Big Wing was that a larger number of fighters would increase enemy losses while minimizing RAF casualties. Opponents pointed out that it took longer for Big Wings to form and increased the danger of fighters being caught on the ground re-fueling. Dowding proved unable to resolve the differences between his commanders, as he preferred Parks methods while the Air Ministry favored the Big Wing approach. This issue was worsened by personal issues between Park and Leigh-Mallory in regard to No. 12 Group supporting No. 11 Group. Battle of Britain: The Fighting Continues The renewed German attacks soon began with factories being hit on August 23 and 24. On the latter evening, parts of Londons East End were hit, possibly by accident. In reprisal, RAF bombers struck Berlin on the night August 25/26. This greatly embarrassed GÃ ¶ring who had previously boasted that the city would never be attacked. Over the next two weeks, Parks group was severely pressed as Kesselrings aircraft conducted 24 heavy raids against their airfields. While British aircraft production and repair, overseen by Lord Beaverbrook, was keeping pace with losses, Dowding soon began to face a crisis regarding pilots. This was alleviated by transfers from other branches of service as well as the activation of Czech, French, and Polish squadrons. Fighting for their occupied homes, these foreign pilots proved highly effective. They were joined by individual pilots from throughout the Commonwealth, as well as the United States. The critical phase of the battle, Parks men struggled to keep their fields operational as losses mounted in the air and on the ground. September 1 saw the one day during the fighting where British losses exceeded the Germans. In addition, German bombers began targeting London and other cities in early September as retribution for continued raids on Berlin. On September 3, GÃ ¶ring began planning daily raids on London. Despite their best efforts, the Germans were unable to eliminate Fighter Commands presence in the skies over southeastern England. While Parks airfields remained operable, an overestimation of German strength led some to conclude that another two weeks of similar attacks might force No. 11 Group to fall back. Battle of Britain: A Key Change On September 5, Hitler issued orders that London and other British cities be attacked without mercy. This signaled a key strategic change as the Luftwaffe ceased hitting the beleaguered airfields and focused on the cities. Giving Fighter Command a chance to recover, Dowdings men were able to make repairs and prepare for the next onslaught. On September 7, nearly 400 bombers attacked the East End. While Parks men engaged the bombers, No. 12 Groups first official Big Wing missed the fight as it took too long to form up. Eight days later, the Luftwaffe attacked in force with two massive raids. These were met by Fighter Command and decisively defeated with 60 German aircraft downed against 26 British. With the Luftwaffe having sustained massive losses in the previous two months, Hitler was forced to indefinitely postpone Operation Sea Lion on September 17. With their squadrons depleted, GÃ ¶ring oversaw a switch from daytime to nighttime bombing. Regular daytime bombing began to cease i n October though the worst of the Blitz was to begin later that autumn. Battle of Britain: Aftermath As the raids began to dissipate and autumn storms started to plague the Channel, it became clear that the threat of invasion had been averted. This was reinforced by intelligence showing that the German invasion barges which had been gathered in the Channel ports were being dispersed. The first significant defeat for Hitler, the Battle of Britain ensured that Britain would continue the fight against Germany. A boost for Allied morale, the victory helped cause a shift in international opinion in favor of their cause. In the fighting, the British lost 1,547 aircraft with 544 killed. Luftwaffe losses totaled 1,887 aircraft and 2,698 killed. During the battle, Dowding was criticized by Vice Marshal William Sholto Douglas, Assistant Chief of Air Staff, and Leigh-Mallory for being too cautious. Both men felt that Fighter Command should be intercepting raids before they reached Britain. Dowding dismissed this approach as he believed it would increase losses in aircrew. Though Dowdings approach and tactics proved correct for achieving victory, he was increasingly seen as uncooperative and difficult by his superiors. With the appointment of Air Chief Marshal Charles Portal, Dowding was removed from Fighter Command in November 1940, shortly after winning the battle. As an ally of Dowding, Park was also removed and reassigned with Leigh-Mallory taking over No. 11 Group. Despite the political infighting that plagued the RAF following the battle, Winston Churchill accurately summarized the contribution of Dowdings chicks in an address to the House of Commons during the height of the fighting by stating, Never in the field of huma n conflict was so much owed by so many to so few. Selected Sources Royal Air Force: The Battle of BritainImperial War Museum: Battle of BritainKorda, Michael. (2009). With Wings Like Eagles: A History of the Battle of Britain. New York: HarperCollins